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Ingredient Glossary

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Ascorbic Acid

Vitamin C, an antioxidant vitamin. Non-essential vitamin for dogs and cats as they can produce adequate amounts on their own.
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Beef

Meat from beef cattle, providing amino acid nutrition for overall good health.
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Beef Broth

Broth created from cooking beef in water, used in canned products as a source of moisture.
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Beef Liver

Beef liver is a great source of iron and beneficial protein.
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Biotin

B vitamin required for metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, proteins, fatty acids and non-essential amino acids. Water soluble vitamin. Required for normal skin and haircoat.
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Bison

Bison is a lean, highly digestible protein that enhances palatability.
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Blueberries

Rich in fiber and antioxidants, blueberries are considered to be a superfood.
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Brown Rice

Whole grain brown rice ground to a powder. Whole grains are metabolized more slowly, providing a steady supply of energy throughout the day. Source of fiber, carbohydrates and vitamin B.
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Calcium Carbonate

A mineral source of calcium, an essential nutrient.
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Calcium Pantothenate

Source of pantothenic acid, a B vitamin. This vitamin is necessary for normal intestinal function, growth and haircoat color.
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Canola Oil

Provides a blend of omega fatty acids for skin and coat health. Contains alpha-linolenic acid, an omega-3 fatty acid. Also a source of vitamin E.
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Carrots

Carrots are rich in vitamin A and like sweet potatoes and pumpkin, get their color from beta-carotene, a powerful antioxidant.
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Chia Seed

Chia seed contains protein, fiber and fat, and is rich in omega-3 fatty acids. Also containing calcium, phosphorus and manganese, chia seed is a source of minerals.
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Chicken

Chicken is a highly digestible, lean protein that enhances palatability.
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Chicken Broth

Broth created from cooking chicken in water, used in canned products as a source of moisture.
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Chicken Fat

A digestible energy source. A source of Arachidonic Acid (elongated form of omega-6) and Linoleic (omega-6) Acid.
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Chicken Liver

Chicken liver is a great source of iron and beneficial protein.
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Chicken Meal

Chicken is cooked and ground to a fine consistency. A nutrient-rich source of protein and minerals.
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Chickpea Flour

Chickpeas, or garbanzo beans, are a legume. They are high in protein and have a low glycemic index. Chickpea flour is finely ground chickpeas.
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Chickpeas

Chickpeas, or garbanzo beans, are a legume. They are high in protein and have a low glycemic index.
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Choline Chloride

A B-complex vitamin. Choline is required for normal nervous system function, normal growth in young animals and protection of the kidneys. It can be synthesized in the liver, but is a dietary requirement.
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Cobalt Amino Acid Chelate

Cobalt is a mineral that aids in the production of red blood cells and iron absorption. Cobalt amino acid chelate is a chelated mineral, bound to amino acids for more efficient absorption.
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Copper Amino Acid Chelate

Copper is a mineral that is important for maintaining coat color and plays a role in normal reproduction. Copper amino acid chelate is a chelated mineral, bound to amino acids for more efficient absorption.
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Copper Proteinate

Chelated form of copper. Copper is an important mineral for maintaining coat color and also regulates reproduction in cats. Chelated minerals are attached to amino acids for better absorption from the digestive tract.
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Copper Sulfate

An inorganic form of copper, a required mineral element. Copper is involved in normal reproduction as well as responsible for maintaining normal coat pigmentation.
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D-calcium Pantothenate

A source of pantothenic acid, a B vitamin that is important for normal immune function, proper energy levels and nervous system function.
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Dicalcium Phosphate

A source of calcium and phosphorus.
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DL-Methionine

An essential amino acid which, along with cysteine, is one of two sulfur-containing amino acids that helps to build proteins. In cat recipes, DL-Methionine also serves to help acidify the urine.
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Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)

Our puppy and kitten formulas contain DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) from salmon oil. DHA is an omega-3 fatty acid, critical for brain and vision development in growing puppies and kittens. DHA is a component of mother's milk and studies show that the benefits of DHA in the diet continue after weaning.
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Dried Bacillus Subtilis Fermentation Product

A probiotic, or good bacteria, that is added to our formulas to help support healthy digestion. It is a component of our proprietary probiotic blends, K9 Strain Probiotics and Viables Probiotics.
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Dried Bifidobacterium Animalis Fermentation Product

A probiotic, or good bacteria, that is added to our formulas to help support healthy digestion. It is a component of our proprietary probiotic blends, K9 Strain Probiotics and Viables Probiotics.
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Dried Chicory Root

A moderately fermentable carbohydrate source. Fermentation of chicory root (FOS-fructooligosaccharide) in the colon produces short chain fatty acids that are an energy source for colonocytes (cells lining the colon) as well as for the good bacteria in the colon.
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Dried Egg / Dried Egg Product

Cooked and dried whole eggs.
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Dried Egg Whites

Egg whites that have been dried, a great, nutrient-rich protein source.
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Dried Enterococcus Faecium Fermentation Product

A probiotic, or good bacteria, that is added to our formulas to help support healthy digestion. It is a component of our proprietary probiotic blends, K9 Strain Probiotics and Viables Probiotics.
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Dried Ground Peas

Green or yellow peas, ground to a flour consistency. This carbohydrate source is also a source of protein, fiber and plant based nutrients such as antioxidants and vitamins.
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Dried Lactobacillus Acidophilus Fermentation Product

A probiotic, or good bacteria, that is added to our formulas to help support healthy digestion. It is a component of our proprietary probiotic blends, K9 Strain Probiotics and Viables Probiotics.
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Dried Lactobacillus Plantarum Fermentation Product

A probiotic, or good bacteria, that is added to our formulas to help support healthy digestion. It is a component of our proprietary probiotic blends, K9 Strain Probiotics and Viables Probiotics.
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Dried Yeast

Non-fermentable yeast that provides B-complex vitamins and proteins. Flavor enhancer.
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Duck

Duck is a highly digestible, lean protein that enhances palatability.
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Duck Broth

Broth created from cooking duck in water, used in canned products as a source of moisture.
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Duck Meal

Duck is cooked and ground to a fine consistency. A nutrient-rich source of protein and minerals.
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Egg / Egg Product

Cooked and dried whole eggs.
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Ferrous Sulfate

Inorganic form of iron. Added to enhance the iron content of the food. Iron is responsible for the transport of oxygen throughout the body.
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Fish Broth

Broth created from cooking fish in water, used in canned products as a source of moisture.
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Fish Oil

This oil is rich in marine source omega-3 fatty acids such as EPA and DHA
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Flaxseed

A plant source of omega-3 fatty acids that is very palatable.
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Flaxseed Oil

An oil derived from the flaxseed plant. Nutritious source of omega-3 fatty acids, palatable and stable.
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Folic Acid

A water soluble B vitamin necessary for formation of red blood cells and for normal function of the nervous system and reproduction (fetal development).
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Garbanzo Beans

Garbanzo beans, or chickpeas, are a legume. They are high in protein and have a low glycemic index.
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Grain Sorghum

Grain sorghum is an ancient grain that is a good source of dietary fiber and minerals.
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Guar Gum

A gluten-free product made from guar beans. It is used in canned food to help the food set properly during the canning process.
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Inulin

Prebiotic fiber for digestive support
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Iron Amino Acid Chelate

Iron is a mineral that is important for the transport of oxygen throughout the body. Iron amino acid chelate is a chelated mineral, bound to amino acids for more efficient absorption.
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Iron Proteinate

Chelated form of iron. Necessary for the transport of oxygen throughout the body. Chelated minerals are attached to amino acids for better absorption from the digestive tract.
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L-Carnitine

A vitamin-like substance that helps maintain normal metabolism. This helps the body burn fat for energy and helps normalize blood sugar levels. Also helps large breed puppies maintain lean body condition and strong bones.
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Lamb

Lamb is a highly digestible protein that enhances palatability.
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Lamb Broth

Broth created from cooking lamb in water, used in canned products as a source of moisture.
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Lamb Liver

Lamb liver is a nutrient-rich source of iron and beneficial protein.
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Lamb Meal

Lamb is cooked and ground to a fine consistency. A nutrient-rich source of protein and minerals.
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Lentils

A legume that is new to pet food formulations. Legumes contain protein, fiber and carbohydrates and are nutritious ingredients for pet foods.
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Manganese Amino Acid Chelate

Manganese is a mineral that is important for proper bone formation, growth and reproduction. Manganese amino acid chelate is a chelated mineral, bound to amino acids for more efficient absorption.
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Manganese Proteinate

Chelated form of manganese. Manganese is important for proper bone formation, growth and reproduction. Chelated minerals are attached to amino acids for better absorption from the digestive tract.
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Manganese Sulfate

The manganese salt of sulfuric acid is needed for proper bone formation, growth and reproduction. Manganese is a micro mineral which functions as a component of several cell enzymes that catalyze metabolic reactions.
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Manganous Oxide

The oxide form of manganese that is needed for proper bone formation, growth and reproduction. Manganese is a micro mineral which functions as a component of several cell enzymes that catalyze metabolic reactions.
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Menhaden Fish Oil (preserved with mixed tocopherols)

Oil obtained from Menhaden whitefish. This oil is rich in marine source omega-3 fatty acids such as EPA and DHA.
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Millet

A whole grain. Higher in protein than corn, rich in amino acids (lysine, methionine, and threonine). Low in tannins, which limit palatability and inhibit protein digestion.
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Mixed Tocopherols

Preservative made of compounds of vitamin E.
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Natural Flavor

Ingredient that is added to enhance the flavor and acceptance of the food. (Does not contain MSG).
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Natural Roasted Flavor

Ingredient that is added to enhance the flavor and palatability of the food.
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Natural Smoke Flavor

Ingredient that is added to enhance the flavor and palatability of the food.
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Niacin

Vitamin B3. Important for maintenance of hair, skin, nervous system and energy metabolism.
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Niacin Supplement

A supplemental source of Vitamin B3. Vitamin B3 is important for the maintenance of the hair and skin and also for the nervous system. Niacin plays a role in energy metabolism as well.
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Ocean Fish

Small ocean fish, such as menhaden whitefish, are cooked and ground to a fine consistency. A nutrient-rich source of protein and minerals. Additionally, ocean fish supplies marine-source omega-3 fatty acids such as DHA and EPA.
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Ocean Fish (Ocean Whitefish)

Whitefish, ocean caught, is a great source of protein as well as omega fatty acids.
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Pea Flour

Whole peas that have been ground into a flour consistency. Nutrient-rich source of protein and carbohydrates.
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Pea Protein

Peas are legumes that are made up of protein, starch and fiber in addition to vitamins and minerals. A special processing technique is used to separate the protein from the starch and fiber to create a digestible, low ash protein source with the added benefit of phytonutrients.
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Peas

Peas, either green or yellow, are highly nutritious legumes that are made up of protein, starch and fiber in addition to vitamins and minerals.
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Pork

Pork meat is rich in protein and is a source of vitamins and minerals.
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Potassium Chloride

Potassium salt of hydrochloric acid and is required for body fluid maintenance, nerve conduction (including normal heart rhythm), and certain metabolic processes. Potassium is the main electrolyte in intracellular fluid.
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Potassium Iodide

Potassium salt that is required for body fluid maintenance, nerve conduction (including normal heart rhythm) and certain metabolic processes. Potassium is the main electrolyte in intracellular fluid.
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Potato Fiber

Used as a fiber source to help promote normal stools and a healthy digestive tract.
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Potato Protein

The protein portion of potatoes. Great backup source of protein in high-protein recipes to help keep the ash low.
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Potato Starch

Very fine flour made from the potato after the peel has been removed.
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Potatoes

A beneficial carbohydrate source. Carbohydrates provide energy for everyday activity.
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Pyridoxine Hydrochloride

Vitamin B6. Water-soluble. Necessary for blood cell formation and nervous system function.
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Quail

Quail is a highly digestible, lean protein that enhances palatability.
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Quinoa

Quinoa is a grain that contains high levels of fiber and protein. It is rich in minerals and B vitamins, nutrients important for vital functions within your pet's body.
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Raspberries

These berries contain antioxidants that help protect overall good health.
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Riboflavin

Vitamin B2. Water soluble. This vitamin is necessary for nervous system function, energy utilization, healthy skin and coat and tissue repair.
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Riboflavin Supplement

Vitamin B2. Water soluble. This vitamin is necessary for nervous system function, energy utilization, healthy skin and coat and tissue repair.
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Roasted Bison

Bison is a highly digestible protein that enhances palatability. Roasted to add flavor.
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Roasted Duck

Duck is a highly digestible protein that enhances palatability. Roasted to add flavor.
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Roasted Lamb

Lamb is a highly digestible protein that enhances palatability. Roasted to add flavor.
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Roasted Quail

Quail is a highly digestible, lean protein that enhances palatability. Roasted to add flavor.
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Roasted Venison

Venison is a highly digestible, lean protein that enhances palatability. Roasted to add flavor.
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Salmon

Salmon is a highly digestible source of protein as well as omega fatty acids.
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Salmon Meal

Salmon is cooked and ground to a fine consistency. A nutrient-rich source of protein and minerals as well as omega-3 fatty acids.
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Salmon Oil

This oil is extracted from salmon. Marine source oils are rich in omega-3 fatty acids such as EPA and DHA.
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Salt

Source of sodium and chloride. Used in formulas for growing animals or reproducing animals. Sodium and chloride are required in higher levels by these life stages.
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Smoke-Flavored Salmon

Salmon is a highly digestible source of protein as well as omega fatty acids. Smoke-flavored for enhanced taste.
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Smoke-Flavored Turkey

Turkey is a highly digestible, lean protein that enhances palatability. Smoke-flavored for enhanced taste.
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Sodium Phosphate

This mineral source supplies sodium and phosphorus, two essential minerals.
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Sodium Selenite

Form of selenium, an essential trace mineral necessary for normal immune function and reproduction.
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Sunflower Oil

Purified oil from sunflower seeds, a rich source of omega fatty acids.
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Sweet Potatoes

A power packed vegetable rich in dietary fiber, vitamins A and C, iron, calcium and beta carotene, this is one complex carbohydrate source that provides all day energy.
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Taurine

An amino acid that maintains healthy eyes and heart.
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Thiamine Mononitrate

Vitamin B1. Required for protein and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as to maintain normal nervous system function.
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Tomato Pomace

A soluble fiber source that helps support digestive health and firm stools. Sourced from tomatoes, contributes vitamin C, lycopene and other important antioxidants.
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Tomatoes

A source of vitamin C and lycopene, important antioxidants.
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Tricalcium Phosphate

A mineral source of calcium and phosphorus, two essential mineral nutrients.
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Trout

Trout is a highly digestible source of protein as well as omega fatty acids.
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Turkey

Turkey is a highly digestible, lean protein that enhances palatability.
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Turkey Broth

Broth created from cooking turkey in water, used in canned products as a source of moisture.
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Turkey Liver

Turkey liver is a nutritious source of iron and protein.
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Vegetable Broth

Vegetable broth is used in canned food as a moisture source that enhances flavor. It is a variation of a mirepoix, made with celery and carrots.
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Venison

Venison is a highly digestible, lean protein that enhances palatability. A unique protein source, venison is a great choice for pets with food sensitivities or food allergies.
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Vitamin A Supplement

An active source of vitamin A, which is necessary for reproduction, vision, normal skeletal and tooth development, immunity and tissue integrity.
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Vitamin B12 Supplement

The only B vitamin that can be stored by the body. Necessary for formation of red blood cells and normal nervous system function.
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Vitamin D3 Supplement

A supplemental source for vitamin D3, an essential vitamin nutrient.
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Vitamin E Supplement

Helps protect cell membranes, regulates intracellular respiration and immune function.
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Water

Pure water, used as a source of moisture in canned foods.
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Water Buffalo

Water buffalo is a palatable, lean protein that is easy to digest. The water buffalo used in our recipes are raised in India.
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Whitefish

Whitefish is a source of protein as well as omega fatty acids.
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Wild Boar

Boar is a highly digestible protein that enhances palatability.
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Xanthan Gum

Ingredient that is created through a fermentation process. It is added to wet foods to enhance the texture of the product.
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Yucca Schidigera Extract

A plant extract that helps support healthy digestion.
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Zinc Amino Acid Chelate

Chelated form of zinc. Zinc is necessary for the formation of proteins in the body, normal immune system function, skin and wound healing, growth and reproduction. Chelated minerals are attached to amino acids for better absorption from the digestive tract.
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Zinc Proteinate

Chelated form of zinc. Zinc is necessary for the formation of proteins in the body, normal immune system function, skin and wound healing, growth and reproduction. Chelated minerals are attached to amino acids for better absorption from the digestive tract.
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Zinc Sulfate

Non-chelated form of zinc. Zinc is necessary for the formation of proteins in the body, normal immune system function, skin and wound healing, growth and reproduction.